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电子鼻由传感器阵列、信号预处理和模式识别系统组成,是一种模仿人类嗅觉系统功能的智能设备,具有设计简单、操作便捷等优势,尤其适合犯罪现场气体物证的快速检测。通过对近年来相关文献总结,概述了电子鼻技术的工作原理及各项关键性能指标,重点梳理了电子鼻在隐匿毒品探测、爆炸物及易燃气体检测、食品毒素及农残检测、室内空气污染损害鉴定和人体气味识别等方面的研究进展,并评估了其在法庭科学中的应用潜力与创新价值。最后,对现有电子鼻技术在法庭科学领域所面临的瓶颈及未来发展重点方向进行了展望,以期为气体物证识别的研究和实践提供新的思路。
Abstract:The electronic nose, composed of a sensor array, signal preprocessing, and pattern recognition system, is an intelligent device that mimics the function of the human olfactory system. It offers the advantages of a simple design and convenient operation, making it particularly suitable for the rapid detection of gas-based evidence at crime scenes. The relevant literature in recent years is reviewed to summarize the working principles and key performance indicators of electronic nose technology. It highlights the research progress in several areas: monitoring hidden drugs, detection of explosives and flammable gas, identification of volatile toxins in food, assessment of indoor air pollution damage, and recognition of human odors. The application potential and innovative value of electronic nose in forensic science are also evaluated. Finally, the current bottlenecks in electronic nose technology and its future development directions are discussed, providing new insights for forensic research and practice in gas evidence identification.
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(1)用以改性的沸石包括:氢型ZSM- 5沸石、钠型A沸石、氢型Y沸石。
(2)该荧光薄膜的主要成分为Fl(Gl)-BT- DCV,即2-[(7-{9,9-双[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙基]-9H-芴-2-基}苯并[c][1,2,5]噻二唑-4-基)亚甲基]丙二腈。
(3)该工作制备了2种共轭聚合物薄膜,P1为1,1-二丁基-3,4-二苯基-双(2,5-二辛氧基苯基)-2,5-聚硅芴,P2为1,1-二丁基-3,4-二苯基-三(2,5-二辛氧基苯基)-2,5-聚硅芴。
(4)4种聚合物分别为聚乙基甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚2-羟乙基甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚异丁基甲基丙烯酸甲酯和聚丁基甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
(5)3种聚合物分别为烷基氨基吡啶基取代的聚硅氧烷、聚4-六氟异丙醇苯乙烯和聚乙烯亚胺。
(6)3种聚合物分别为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羟丙基甲基纤维素、聚甲基乙烯基醚- 马来酸酐共聚物。
(7)4种聚合物分别为聚氯乙烯、异丙苯封端的苯乙烯- 顺丁烯二酸酐共聚物、聚(苯乙烯-CO-马来酸)与异丁酯/甲酯的混合物和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
基本信息:
中图分类号:TP18;TP212.9;D918
引用信息:
[1]彭迪,张茂竹.电子鼻技术在法庭科学中的应用与展望[J].中国人民公安大学学报(自然科学版),2025,31(04):21-31.
基金信息:
重庆市教育委员会重大科技项目(KJZD-M202300302); 重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项社发领域重点项目(CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0109); 2024年度重庆市教育委员会青年项目(KJQN202400321); 2025年度西南政法大学校级科研项目(2025XZZX-08)